Treating Addictive Disorders
What is an Addictive Disorder?
Addictive disorders are complex medical conditions that can have a significant impact on an individual’s physical, mental, and social health. The American Psychiatric Association (APA) defines addictive disorders as a cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms that indicate continued substance misuse or problematic behavior despite significant substance-related problems. Another definition from The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology states:
“Addiction is increasingly understood as a neurobiological illness where repetitive substance abuse corrupts the normal circuitry of rewarding and adaptive behaviors causing drug-induced neuroplastic changes.”
Addictive disorders are chronic conditions that involve the repeated use of substances or compulsive behavior, which the individual cannot control despite suffering from negative consequences. There are many types of substance-related addictive disorders, and each one has its own unique set of symptoms and treatment options.
Here are some of the most common types of addictive disorders we treat at our luxury mental health facilities:
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- Alcohol use disorder: A chronic condition characterized by the compulsive use of alcohol. Individuals with this disorder may find it difficult to control their drinking habits, despite the negative consequences that may result. The long-term effects of alcohol use disorder can include liver damage, heart disease, and mental health issues such as depression and anxiety.
- Opioid use disorder: A chronic condition characterized by the compulsive use of opioids, such as prescription painkillers, heroin, or Fentanyl. Individuals with this disorder may experience intense cravings for opioids and may find it difficult to function normally without them. Long-term effects of opioid use disorder can include respiratory issues, infections, and mental health issues such as depression and anxiety.
- Stimulant use disorder: A chronic condition characterized by the compulsive use of stimulants, such as cocaine or methamphetamine. Individuals with this disorder may experience intense cravings for these drugs and may find it difficult to stop using them, despite the negative consequences that may result. Long-term effects of stimulant use disorder can include heart disease, stroke, and mental health issues such as anxiety and depression.
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Causes of Addictive Disorders
Addictive disorders can arise from various factors, including genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. It’s important to note that addictive disorders are often caused by a combination of these factors rather than any single cause. Understanding the various factors that can contribute to addiction can help individuals and their loved ones recognize the signs of addiction and seek appropriate treatment.
- Genetic factors: Certain genes may make a person more susceptible to developing an addiction. Research has shown that addiction can run in families. However, having a genetic predisposition to addiction does not mean that someone will definitely develop an addiction.
- Environmental factors: Growing up in an environment where drug or alcohol use is normalized can increase the risk of addiction. Exposure to substance use at a young age can make it seem more acceptable or even desirable, which can lead to experimentation and eventual addiction.
- Stressful life events: Traumatic events, such as the death of a loved one or a divorce, can increase the likelihood of developing an addiction as a coping mechanism. Substance use can provide temporary relief from difficult emotions, which can make it appealing. However, this can quickly turn into addiction, as the brain begins to associate substance use with relief from stress or pain.
- Mental health disorders: People with mental health disorders, such as depression or anxiety, may turn to drugs or alcohol to self-medicate. Substance use can provide temporary relief from symptoms, but it can also exacerbate those symptoms over time. Additionally, prolonged substance use can lead to the development of mental health disorders, such as depression or anxiety, further complicating the situation.
Symptoms of Addictive Disorders
Addictive disorders are characterized by a persistent pattern of substance use that leads to significant problems or distress. Symptoms of addictive disorders can vary depending on the type of disorder and the severity of the addiction.
Common symptoms we see include:
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- Loss of control
- Craving
- Tolerance
- Withdrawal symptoms
- Continued use despite negative consequences
- Time spent using and obtaining substances
- Ignoring other activities
- Using substances to cope
- Risk-taking behavior
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Luxury Mental Health Treatment and Medical Assistance for Addictive Disorders
At Neurish, we treat addictive disorders through a range of approaches, including behavioral therapies, medications, and support groups. The objective of treatment is to help the individual overcome the addiction, manage withdrawal symptoms, and prevent relapse.
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- Behavioral therapy: focuses on changing the patient’s behavior by identifying and modifying negative thought patterns and behaviors related to substance use. Strategies include cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, and contingency management.
- Medications: can be used to help manage withdrawal symptoms, reduce cravings, and prevent relapse. Examples include buprenorphine for opioid addiction and naltrexone for alcohol and opioid addiction.
- Support groups: offer peer support and encouragement, as well as a safe space to discuss challenges and successes along the recovery journey. Examples include Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, and SMART Recovery.
Get Help for an Addictive Disorder at Neurish Wellness in orange county
If you or someone you know is struggling with an addictive disorder, it is important to seek help as soon as possible. There are many resources available at our luxury mental health treatment centers, such as medication management, therapy, support groups, and counseling services. Remember, recovery is a process, and it can take time and effort to overcome an addiction. With the right treatment and support, however, it is possible to take control and live a healthy and fulfilling life in recovery.
FAQs About Addictive Disorders
What is a substance use disorder?
Substance use disorder (SUD) is a condition where an individual’s use of legal or illegal drugs, alcohol, or other substances leads to significant health issues, disability, and failure to meet responsibilities at work, school, or home.
How can substance use disorder affect children and adolescents?
Children and adolescents with substance use disorder may experience developmental delays, academic struggles, and social problems. Early intervention is crucial to prevent the progression of the disorder.
What are mental health disorders and how do they relate to substance use disorders?
Mental health disorders include a wide range of mental illnesses, such as depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia. These disorders often co-occur with substance use disorders, exacerbating the symptoms of both conditions.
What does it mean to have a severe substance use disorder?
A severe substance use disorder is characterized by intense cravings, inability to control use, and significant impairment in daily functioning. Individuals may spend a great deal of time obtaining, using, and recovering from the substance.
What withdrawal symptoms might one experience when stopping drug use?
Withdrawal symptoms can vary depending on the substance but often include anxiety, irritability, nausea, sweating, and shaking. Severe withdrawal can require medical supervision.
What is the difference between substance abuse and substance use disorder?
Substance abuse generally refers to the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs. Substance use disorder is a more severe condition that includes addiction and dependency.
How are mental health and substance use disorders treated?
Treatment typically involves a combination of behavioral therapies, medication, and support from mental health professionals. Integrated treatment addresses both mental health and substance use disorders simultaneously.
What role do health care providers play in treating addictive disorders?
Health care providers, including doctors, nurses, and mental health professionals, assess, diagnose, and develop treatment plans for individuals with addictive disorders. They provide ongoing support and medical care throughout recovery.
What is the importance of mental health services administration?
Mental health services administration plays a crucial role in organizing, funding, and overseeing mental health and substance use disorder services, ensuring that individuals receive appropriate and effective care.
Can drug abuse lead to other mental health disorders?
Yes, drug abuse can contribute to the development of other mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and psychosis, creating a complex interplay that requires comprehensive treatment.
What are the common types of behavioral therapies used for treating substance use disorders?
Common behavioral therapies include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), motivational interviewing, and contingency management. These therapies help individuals change their thinking patterns and behaviors related to substance use.
How can I find a mental health professional for help with substance use disorders?
You can find a mental health professional through referrals from health care providers, online directories, or mental health services administration. It’s important to seek a professional experienced in treating both substance use and mental health disorders.
Your Title Goes HereWhat are serious mental illnesses and how do they relate to substance use disorders?
Serious mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, are often linked to substance use disorders. Individuals with serious mental illnesses may use substances to self-medicate, which can worsen their overall condition.
What should I do if I suspect someone has a substance use disorder?
If you suspect someone has a substance use disorder, encourage them to seek help from a mental health professional or health care provider. Supportive and non-judgmental communication is key in helping them take the first step toward recovery.
Sources:
American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.).
American Psychiatric Association (2024). What is a Substance Use Disorder?
Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (2009). The neurobiology of addictive disorders
Clinically Reviewed by Cole Dyar, MS, LAADC, PhD Candidate
Executive Director of Neurish Wellness
Cole holds a degree from the University of California, Santa Cruz in sociology and is a Licensed Advanced Alcohol and Drug Counselor (LAADC) as recognized by CCAPP. Cole holds a Master of Science in Industrial/Organizational Psychology, including Organizational Leadership and Design, and a Post-Masters in General Marriage and Family Therapy.